Nobel Committee Reminds Me Why I’m Not an Economist

The Nobel Prizes are among the most prestigious (highly respected or honored) awards given to people who have accomplished something great in their field (area of work or study). Yesterday the Nobel Committee awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Economics to two American professors, Thomas Sargent and Christopher Sims.  Both are 68 years old, both studied at Harvard University, and both helped me decide not to study economics thirty years ago.

In 1981, I was a freshman (first-year college student) at the University of Minnesota.  My declared (official or stated) major (main area of study) was economics.  I had read several books on economics in high school, and had hoped to study at the University of Chicago, famous for its economics department. But I didn’t have enough money to attend (study) there, so I went to what everyone in Minnesota simply calls “the U” (the University of Minnesota).  The U also had a very good economics department, headed by (led by) one of the chief economists for President John F. Kennedy (who is the topic of this week’s English Cafe), Walter Heller. But there were also a pair of young professors in the department who had some new ideas about economics, and especially the role (function; use) of statistics (mathematical approach to studying information or data) in studying economic behavior (the way people act).  Their names were Sargent and Sims.

Sims in particular wrote a famous paper (scientific article) the year before I arrived at the U on something called “vector autoregression,” an advanced statistical tool he thought would help economists better understand the way people reacted to economic policy in the “real world.” (Don’t ask me to explain it, because I can’t!) One of the teaching assistants (graduate students who help the professor grade papers and lead discussions) for my class explained to me that these complex statistical approaches were the future of economics. Well, I didn’t know much about statistics, didn’t really like math very much, and believed that the human behavior that economics is supposed to explain could not be reduced to (simplified to) a few numbers.  So I quickly decided I would change my major (major in something else).  There ended my brief career as an economist.

It wasn’t until years later that I discovered I liked statistical analysis, and began using it in my own research.  By then, however, I was already in the area of second language acquisition, and Professors Sargent and Sims had left the U for other places (Sargent is currently at New York University and Sims at Harvard).  Now they have both won a Nobel Prize for their work.  I congratulate them on their achievement, and thank them for changing my mind about studying economics.  If they had not done so, I wouldn’t be working here at ESL Podcast, which I love more than any job I’ve ever had.

~Jeff

Photo credit: Nobel Prize Medal, Wikipedia PD

Posted in News and Current Events | 29 Comments

Podcasts This Week (October 10, 2011)

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ON MONDAY
ESL Podcast 728 – Describing One’s Skill Level

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.

In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “basic” and “master.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “The Internship Experience.”
” Students and “recent graduates” (people who recently earned a diploma or finished a course of study) can participate in internships to “obtain” (get) valuable job experience and “network” (meet; make connections) with people in their “chosen industry”…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON WEDNESDAY
English Cafe 315

Topics: American Presidents: John F. Kennedy; Great Britain versus Britain versus England versus United Kingdom; hot shot

In the Learning Guide:  Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear).
In “What Insiders Know,” you will read about the “Lincoln-Kennedy Coincidences.”
“John F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963. A year later, an article appeared in an American newspaper “purportedly” (supposedly) showing many “coincidences” (things happening at the same time and/or in the same way, without explanation) between…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON FRIDAY
ESL Podcast 729 – Being Blunt and Stubborn

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.

In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “direct” and “to speak up.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Animals Associated with Personality Traits.”
“In this episode, we talked about “pigheadedness” and being as stubborn as a “mule” (an animal born to a female horse and a male donkey). Many other animals are “associated” (connected) with “certain” (specific) personality traits in English…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

Posted in Announcements | 11 Comments

Ah, The Memories

Childhood memories are never far away. A New York Times article triggered (caused me to remember) one of mine recently. The article – about Ava Drug in Ava, Missouri – brought back memories of the corner drug store and, especially, its soda fountain.

Years ago, before stores become more specialized, the corner drug store (many were on a corner near the center of town) was a fixture (something that’s always present) in most American towns. In many towns they were a popular gathering place (a place for people to get together), much like a British pub, or public house. People met at the corner drug store to get a sandwich, enjoy a milk shake or soda, pick up a prescription, and buy a magazine, some candy, a small gift, or greeting card to give someone on their birthday.

The heart (most important or central part) of the corner drug store was the soda fountain (a machine that serves bubbly drinks, or the restaurant area in a store with a soda fountain machine). Some were very simple; others were ornate (highly decorated), often with a large wall mirror framed (surrounded) by dark wood. All of them had a bar (counter, a long narrow area for serving food or drinks) – similar to the one in the photo above – with stools (a seat with no back or arm) for customers to sit on. Usually there were a few tables and chairs for small groups of customers.

My cousin and I often hung out (spent time together) at the corner drug store where he lived. We enjoyed sitting on the stools at the bar. Deciding what to eat or drink was always a challenge (difficult)! The soda fountain offered ice cream cones and sundaes (ice cream, in a cup, covered by a flavored syrup like chocolate), and shakes (milk, ice cream, and flavored syrup mixed together). The menu (list of available food) also included a variety of drinks – sodas, like Coke; flavored sodas, like cherry Coke; and phosphates, a mixture of carbonated (bubbly) water and flavored syrup. While we waited for the soda jerk (old word for a person who worked at the soda fountain) to prepare our food or drinks, we’d often spin (turn around and around rapidly) around on the stools.

The corner drug store isn’t exactly making a comeback (returning to popularity). But there are some, like Ava Drug and Fair Oaks Pharmacy & Soda Fountain in Pasadena, California, that are trying to keep the tradition alive. Fair Oaks opened as the South Pasadena Pharmacy in 1915; Ava Drug first opened in 1950. Both have been restored (returned) to their original decor (the way the inside of a building is decorated). At Ava Drug you can even get an ice cream cone for the original 1950 price – 5 cents! Take a minute to visit the Fair Oaks web site – it’s fun!

If you ever come to the U.S., see if you can find a corner drug store. And if you can, stop and check out (visit) the soda fountain. Get yourself a cherry Coke or chocolate milk shake or … okay, you decide.

~ Warren Ediger – creator of Successful English, where you’ll find clear explanations and practical suggestions for better English.

Photo by cobalt12 used under CC license.

Posted in Life in the United States | 22 Comments

#SortofInteresting

Almost everyone on the Internet has heard of Twitter, a micro-blogging (a mini or small blogging) service where you are able to send short, 140–characters–or–less messages to people who “follow” you on the service. (We talked about it briefly here.) You can follow people by using a web browser and going to www.twitter.com or by using a piece of software on your phone or computer. I first started using Twitter a few months after it began in 2006, although it really didn’t become popular until a few years later. Now, some people credit Twitter (say it caused or is responsible for) with helping spread both good news and bad about politics, culture, and even earthquakes.

Twitter, however, has its own particular language that you need to understand if you’re going to use it successfully. Everyone has a username (a screen name; a name that identifies you), but the special character @ is used before your username. So, for example, English as a Second Language Podcast has the username @eslpod.  When you use software for Twitter, clicking on a username will take you to that person’s page. Then you can read that person’s tweets (messages) if they are public, or request to follow that person so that you can read what they say.

A more interesting feature (characteristic) of Twitter is the use of the hashtag, a special character that looks like this: #. Similar to the tags that are used on regular blogs, a hashtag usually indicates a broader category or topic that the message is related to. So, for example, if I am writing about the city of Santa Monica, I would add to my tweet: #SantaMonica (notice that it is all spelled as one word). The advantage of this system is that when you click on something that has been “hashtag-ed,” you can see all the other messages on that same topic that have been tweeted.

Many people, however, have begun using hashtags to add humor (comedy) or additional commentary on their own messages. This often involves irony, where you say one thing but really mean another. If my tweet is, “Just saw a dog inside of a car with no owner,” I might add the hashtag: #ReallyBadIdea. The hashtag is what I really think about the situation, what some people referred to as meta-commentary or commentary about the commentary. Somewhat bizarrely (strangely; oddly), some people have begun to talk this way, using the word hashtag in front of words or phrases to provide a meta-commentary in real life. Earlier this year, a Canadian politician attacked the prime minister of Canada’s policies (ideas and actions) on crime, calling them “a hashtag fail.”

The ultimate (best or greatest example) in hashtag use is to cross the fingers of your hand together to form what looks like a hashtag before something that you say (see photo). I love Twitter, and I think hashtags are very useful, but I can’t see (I don’t think I will be) using them with my fingers.

~Jeff

P.S. Follow us on twitter at @eslpod.

Posted in Technology | 13 Comments

Podcasts This Week (October 3, 2011)

We designed the Learning Guide to help you learn English better and faster. Get more vocabulary, language explanations, sample sentences, comprehension questions, and cultural notes.

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……….

ON MONDAY
ESL Podcast 726 – Taking the Driving Test

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.

In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “license” and “to signal.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Common Reasons for Failing the Driving Test.”
“Most people who study their state’s “driver’s manual” (a small book describing all the laws for driving in a particular state) are able to pass the written test without too much trouble, but some of them “struggle” (have difficulty) to pass the “driving test”…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON WEDNESDAY
English Cafe 314

Topics: Famous Songs: Kumbaya; Crater Lake National Park; free time versus spare time; at the end versus in the end; booking versus reservation

In the Learning Guide:  Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear).
In “What Insiders Know,” you will read about “Animals Sounds in English.”
“Every language represents animal sounds in different ways. There is a word for the sound that an animal makes and then a written version of what that sounds like, using words and letters to represent it…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON FRIDAY
ESL Podcast 727 – Home Architectural Styles

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.

In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “modest” and “deal with it.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “McMansions and the Small House Movement.”
“There are two “opposing” (very different from each other) “trends” (popular ways of doing something) in new “residential” (related to homes, not businesses) “construction” (building) in the United States: McMansions and the small house movement…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

Posted in Announcements | 10 Comments

Podcasts This Week (September 26, 2011)

We are only able to produce ESL Podcast because of wonderful listeners like you.

If you enjoy our podcasts, please consider supporting ESL Podcast by becoming a Basic or Premium Member!

………..

ON MONDAY
ESL Podcast 724 – Being Impolite in Conversation

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.

In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “perfectly” and “after.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Suggestions for Small Talk.”
“Sometimes it can be difficult to “strike up” (start) a conversation with people we don’t know well, but it is even more “awkward” (uncomfortable) to stand “in silence”…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON WEDNESDAY
English Cafe 313

Topics: Salem Witch Trials; National Endowment for the Arts; in fact versus as a matter of fact; even versus even though; to look at

In the Learning Guide:  Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear).
In “What Insiders Know,” you will read about “The Blair Witch Project.”
The Blair Witch Project was a “horror” (scary; frightening) film released in 1999. It was a “small budget” (not expensive to make) film that was created using “amateur” (not professional) “footage” (sections of film)…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON FRIDAY
ESL Podcast 725 – Childhood Illnesses and Diseases

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.

In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “record” and “mask.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Immunizations Required by Schools.”
“Most schools won’t allow children to “attend” (go to classes) unless their “shots” (immunizations) are “up to date” (having everything that is required). The United States does not have a “federal” (national) law on immunizations…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

Posted in Announcements | 4 Comments

Gimme Five!*

You’ve probably seen it, usually after something exciting has happened, especially if you watch American sports. Two players approach (move toward) each other, raise their hands simultaneously (at the same time), and, when they are close enough, slap (hit with the flat part of the hand) their hands together. It’s called the high five.

So who started the high five? When? Where? The low five, with the hands down, goes back to World War II among African American servicemen (men in the military). But, according to a recent article in ESPN The Magazine, no one is sure about the high five. However, there are a couple of interesting possibilities.

The first story gives credit (says he did it) to Glen Burke, a Los Angeles Dodger baseball player, for inventing the high five.  Supposedly (many people believe) it happened in front of 46,000 screaming fans (someone who likes a sport very much) at Dodger stadium in 1977. Here’s how ESPN writer Jon Mooallem tells the story:

It was the last day of the regular season, and Dodgers left fielder Dusty Baker had just gone deep (hit the ball out of the stadium, a home run)…. It was Baker’s 30th home run, making the Dodgers the first team in history to have four sluggers (baseball players who hit the ball a long way) — Baker, Ron Cey, Steve Garvey and Reggie Smith — with at least 30 homers each. It was a wild, triumphant (full of pride, pleasure) moment and a good omen (sign of what will happen in the future) as the Dodgers headed to the playoffs. Burke, waiting on deck, thrust (moved suddenly) his hand enthusiastically (with excitement) over his head to greet his friend…. Baker, not knowing what to do, smacked (hit) it. “His hand was up in the air, and he was arching (bending) way back,” says Baker, now 62…. “So I reached up and hit his hand. It seemed like the thing to do.”

The second story credits Wiley Brown and Derek Smith, University of Louisville basketball players with inventing the high five. At a University of Louisville Cardinal (the team name) basketball practice during the 1978-79 season, Brown went to give a plain (ordinary) old low five to his teammate. Out of nowhere (suddenly, without warning), Smith looked Brown in the eye and said, “No. Up high.”

The Cardinal players were tall and used their jumping ability to defeat other teams. So “when Smith raised his hand, it clicked (made sense) for Brown,” writes Mooallem. “I thought,” said Brown, “yeah, why are we staying down low? We jump so high.”

So who did invent the high five? I don’t know. And no one else can be sure they know. In both stories it appears (looks like) to have happened spontaneously (without thinking or preparation).

If you’d like to learn how to do the high five properly, here’s a short, funny video about high five etiquette (rules for proper behavior).

*Gimme five = give me five; used when you want someone to give you a high five.

~ Warren Ediger – creator of Successful English, where you’ll find clear explanations and practical suggestions for better English.

Photo by  johnwiechecki used under Creative Commons license.

Posted in Life in the United States | 29 Comments

Keeping Fit While Being Cool

Okay, so you don’t work out (exercise) as much as you should. Perhaps your exercise routine (habits; things you do regularly) are getting a little stale (dull; boring; old).  Are you ready for the latest, greatest approaches to keeping in shape (being fit and healthy)?  Here they are:

  • Piloxing – This is a combination of Pilates and boxing. Pilates is a popular way of conditioning (getting your body in shape) that uses various exercises and equipment. Boxing is when two people hit each other in the face to get the other person to fall down. It’s a perfect combination! You practice hitting other people in the face to release (let go of) your anger, and you lose weight at the same time. What’s not to like?
  • Anti-Gravity Yoga – This is a sort of like upside-down yoga. Spiderman does this all the time, so it isn’t really new.
  • Powerstrike – Did you ever see one of those Japanese samurai movies, where there was a strong warrior (fighter) with a big sword? Instead of a sword, imagine holding a wooden stick and swinging it around like you were a real samurai (see the photo). That’s basically what this is.
  • Soul-Cycle – You sit on a special bicycle (a spinning bicycle) and exercise your arms at the same time. I don’t know why it is called soul cycling, however.
  • Beer Balancing – With this one, you drink several bottles of beer, then try to put them on the top of your head, without falling down.  It’s great for your neck muscles!

Okay, so I made up (invented) Beer Balancing, but the rest are real.  Now get exercising!

~Jeff

Photo credit: Samurai with Sword (1860), Wikipedia PD

 

Posted in Life in the United States | 19 Comments

Podcasts This Week (September 19, 2011)

Are you tired of not understanding what you hear in English? Get the Learning Guide and see in the complete transcript every word you hear on the podcasts. Get extra help with new vocabulary, test yourself with comprehension questions, and learn more about American culture.

Get the Learning Guide and support ESL Podcast by becoming a Basic or Premium Member today!

…………

ON MONDAY
ESL Podcast 722 – Talking About Television Shows

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.

In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “premier” and “to give up.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Broadcast Syndication.”
“‘Syndication’ usually involves arranging for photographs or articles to be sold to individual magazines or newspapers. When the same thing is done for television programs, the ‘practice’…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON WEDNESDAY
English Cafe 312

Topics: Jimmy Hoffa and the Teamsters; The National Geographic Society; shade versus shadow; rarely versus seldom; every cloud has a silver lining

In the Learning Guide:  Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear).
In “What Insiders Know,” you will read about “Jersey Shore and Italian American Stereotypes.”
“The Jersey Shore is an American “reality” television show that follows eight young adults living together and spending the summer together at the Jersey Shore…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON FRIDAY
ESL Podcast 723 – Things Associated with Autumn

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.

In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “chill” and “to put a damper on.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Harvest Festivals.”
“‘Thanksgiving’ is the major harvest festival in the United States. It was first celebrated in 1621 in Massachusetts as a way for the ‘Pilgrims’…”  – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

Posted in Announcements | 5 Comments

Food for Thought*

I am a terrible cook. If I tell you I’m going to cook dinner for you, run the other way. You have been warned (told about the danger).

When I was growing up, my mother did all of the cooking in our house.  Her children’s job, according to my mother, was to study and practice, and hers was to feed us.  I thought that that was a great arrangement (plan) until I left home.  Then, I really learned to appreciate my mother, especially when I had to fend for myself (take care of myself).

To this day, I still don’t know how to cook very well.  Although I plan most things in my life, when it comes to cooking, I like to fly by the seat of my pants (do something without planning) and to cook something by instinct (acting according to what feels right or natural to me).  That means I’m not very good at following recipes (instructions for cooking a dish).  Since I have so little experience, you can probably imagine how well that usually turns out (results).

Despite my bumbling (behaving awkwardly and without skill) in the kitchen, one of my favorite TV shows these past couple of years is Top Chef.  This is a cooking competition reality show (show with real people, instead of actors) where some of the best chefs (professional cooks) in the country are selected to compete in cooking challenges (games; competitions) on each episode.

I’m very surprised that I like watching this show.  I don’t like traditional cooking shows where a chef shows you how to cook a dish step-by-step.  I suppose I don’t actually want to learn to cook a dish.  Instead, I enjoy seeing people who are at the top of their game (among the best in a field of work, study, or play) being creative and having to do so under the gun (on a deadline; with limited time).

Are you a good cook?  Do you like watching cooking shows or cooking competition shows?

~ Lucy

* “Food for thought” is something, such as an issue or idea, that is given to someone for him or her to think about.  For example:

  • “Learning about different careers is good food for thought for students entering the university.”
  • “Seeing so many stories on the TV news about the dangers of house fires was food for thought.  I now think we should do more to protect our home.”

Photo Credit:  White House Chefs – From Wikipedia

Posted in Life in the United States | 19 Comments