Jazz – The Ultimate* in Naked Communication

I don’t know what you thought when you saw that title. In fact, I’m not sure what I thought when I saw it for the first time. But since the article is about jazz, one of my favorite kinds of music, and it was written by Garr Reynolds, a writer I enjoy, I clicked on the link and read it.

Usually the word naked means without clothes. But the writer isn’t writing about naked musicians! He uses this familiar word in a different way to say something about jazz.  I’ll show you what he said, but before I do, let me tell you a little about jazz.

Jazz is a kind of music that began around 1900 in the southern part of the U.S. The earliest jazz musicians were African Americans. Today, jazz is popular around the world. In traditional jazz, each song is a kind of musical conversation. During the song, the musicians listen to each other, and each one adds musical ideas to the conversation. Each time they perform a song, the conversation is different. When jazz musicians add something to the musical conversation, they improvise, which means to compose (invent or make up) while they are playing or singing. This is the most important characteristic, or part, of traditional jazz.

You can listen to a very good example of improvisation in this recording of The Thrill is Gone by B.B. King. He sings in the first part of the song, but from the middle to the end, there is a wonderful, mostly quiet, conversation between King, who plays the guitar, and the piano. Occasionally, you can hear a second guitar adding to the conversation. If you listen carefully, you’ll hear them “speak” to and “answer” each other and keep the conversation going.

Now, let’s return to jazz and naked communication. Here’s what Reynolds writes in his article:

Jazz is one of the purest (most complete; not mixed with anything else) forms of self-expression. We need more jazz in this world. Jazz is also the epitome (the best example) of naked communication. The legendary (famous because of great ability) jazz musician Don Cherry said that “music is one of the arts that make a person completely naked.” … This is especially true for jazz.

Reynolds describes a CD – Lucky by Molly Johnson – he received as a gift. After he listened to it, he wrote that Johnson’s interpretation of (the way she sang) the song Summertime is a lovely example of naked communication. And then, he adds a list of words to help us understand what he meant.

According to Reynolds, naked communication is:

  • honest (not trying to show off, or make other people think you’re special or important)
  • transparent (nothing hidden, for example, she shows how she feels)
  • raw (natural and strong)
  • emotional (full of feeling)
  • beautifully simple (not decorated; without extra things)
  • rich (full of interesting ideas or facts) and meaningful (full of expression; full of meaning or purpose)

Now here’s a video of Johnson performing Summertime. When you listen to it, do you see or hear the words Reynolds used?

What do you think? Was Reynolds right? Does it make sense to use naked this way? By the way, did you notice the jazz conversation between the other two musicians when Johnson wasn’t singing?

I think Reynolds’ description is very good. And I think she’s very good. In fact, as soon as I finish writing this, I’m going to order the CD!

~ Warren Ediger – English tutor and coach; creator of Successful English, where English learners can learn how to make English a permanent part of their lives.

* In the title, Jazz – The Ultimate in Naked Communication, ultimate means the best example of naked communication.

Posted in Language & Terms, Life in the United States | 14 Comments

Podcasts This Week (July 5, 2010)

ON MONDAY
ESL Podcast 596 – Applying for Unemployment Benefits

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.
In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “qualify” and “meaning to”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “State Unemployment Offices.”
“The unemployment office reviews the application to determine whether the individual is eligible for benefits. The unemployment office contacts previous employers to “verify”…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON WEDNESDAY
English Cafe 249

Topics: Hate Crime Legislation; State Fairs; shop versus store versus department store; relative to versus related to; Down Under

In the Learning Guide:  Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear).
In “What Insiders Know,” you will read about “The Great Brinks Robbery of 1950.”
“People talk or joke about “robbing” (stealing from) a bank so they’ll have enough money and won’t have to work anymore.  In 1950, that’s just what a group of 11 men did…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON FRIDAY
ESL Podcast 597 – Describing Touch and Textures

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.
In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “rough” and “gross.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Acceptable Types of Touching Among Adult Friends and Couples.”
“Adults in the United States don’t touch each other as often as they do in many other countries. American adults often shake hands, especially in a “work setting” (work-related environment), but other “physical contact” (touching) is unusual…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

If you enjoy our podcasts, please consider supporting ESL Podcast by becoming a Basic or Premium Member!

Posted in Announcements | 3 Comments

Headline English: Online Bullies Pull Schools Into the Fray

The New York Times this week ran (published) a story about online bullies. A bully, as we discussed in ESL Podcast 372, is a person who uses either verbal (spoken) or physical violence to prove his or her own strength, power, or position over another person.  The term is usually associated with (connected to) schools, where some students (usually, but not always, boys) try to intimidate (scare; make fearful) other students into doing what they want.

The newest form of bullying (note that “bully” can be a noun or a verb) is online or cyber-bullying, where students use the Internet or phone text messages to scare or intimidate other students.  This usually happens when the students are at home, not in school, but some parents think that the schools should discipline (punish) online bullies even if they do their bullying outside of school.  This has always been a difficult area for schools: Should they punish students who misbehave (act badly) when they are not in school, or only when they misbehave in school?  There is no easy answer to this question, and every school in the U.S. deals with (handles; takes care of) the problem differently.

To pull (someone) into (something) means to involve someone in an action or situation when that person doesn’t really want to be involved.  A fray is an argument, fight, or contest.  So the headline means that students who are harassing (bullying) other students using the Internet or texting are forcing schools to get involved in an area where many of them don’t want to be involved — punishing students for bulling outside of school.

For some possibly tragic (very sad) consequences (results) of bullying, see our English Cafe 242.

Should schools discipline students who misbehave outside of school hours?  How do schools in your country handle this problem?

~Jeff

Photo: Scene from Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm, Public Domain

Posted in News and Current Events | 16 Comments

Podcast This Week (June 28, 2010)

ON MONDAY
ESL Podcast 594 – Competition and Prizes

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.
In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “to take (someone) on” and “to play for.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Popular Children’s Games Requiring Little or No Equipment.”
“Toy stores sell many “elaborate” (fancy; with many pieces) games for children to play with, but many of the best children’s games are played with little or no special equipment…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON WEDNESDAY
English Cafe 248

Topics: Area 51 and Roswell; American Cities: Baltimore; that versus which; right away versus straightaway

In the Learning Guide:  Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear).
In “What Insiders Know,” you will read about the movie E.T. The Extraterrestrial
“Many of us are curious about “outer space,” the large and “mysterious” (difficult to understand or know) areas beyond the planet Earth. One thing that has “captured our imagination”…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON FRIDAY
ESL Podcast 595 – Suffering from Allergies

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.
In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “to tilt” and “to spot.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Common Allergies Among Americans.”
“Many Americans have allergies and these are some of the most common. Common food allergies include peanuts, “dairy” (milk and milk products), wheat, soy, and “shellfish” (fish from the ocean with hard shells, like oysters and crabs)…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

If you enjoy our podcasts, please consider supporting ESL Podcast by becoming a Basic or Premium Member!

Posted in Announcements | 1 Comment

If You Aren’t In, You Might Get Left Out!

Bars, night clubs, and dance clubs are popular places for people to get together with their friends at night. A bar is a place for drinking, talking to your friends, and possibly watching your favorite team on a big-screen TV. Night clubs are similar, but usually have live entertainment, like a band (musical group) or a DJ (disc jockey, someone who plays CDs), and a dance floor. Dance clubs are night clubs especially for dancing.

When you arrive at a popular bar or night club, you’ll often find a long line of people waiting to get in … and a bouncer.

A bouncer is a security guard (someone who protects a building or something valuable). He’s responsible for making sure the waiting people don’t cause problems and to decide who gets in and who doesn’t. That’s what this blog post is about: how does a bouncer decide who gets in and who doesn’t?

If you’re waiting in a long line at a concert or some other event, you assume (believe it is true) that the people at the front of the line (closest to the door or entrance) will get in first. Hopefully the line will move quickly, and you’ll be able to get in, too. At popular bars and night clubs, you might be surprised to learn that the people at the front of the line don’t always get in first.

Lauren Rivera is a sociologist, a scientist who studies how groups of people act. She was curious how bouncers decided who to let into a club or bar, so she got a job in a New York night club and became friends with the bouncers.

Rivera says that “bouncers are status (importance in society) judges (someone who gives an opinion).” In other words, bouncers decide who is important enough to be allowed into the club or bar. Usually they have to make these decisions with very little information about the people, so Rivera asked them how they did it.

The bouncers told Rivera that they look first for people who will enhance (add to) the image (reputation) of the club. Secondly, they look for people who will probably spend a lot of money.

The bouncers said that if you really want to get into a popular club, one thing will help you more than anything else – your social network. Social networks are the people you know and the people who know you. If the bouncers recognize you, and you are someone famous, you get in. And if you are connected to (have a relationship with) someone famous, you get in. They bouncers also told Rivera that you have a better chance of getting in if you are white (not dark-skinned) or if you are an attractive woman.

Rivera discovered one thing that might surprise some people: bouncers look down on (don’t appreciate) people who try to bribe them (try to give them money to influence their decision).

Did you figure out what the title of this post means? The title is a message to anyone who is thinking about going to a night club or bar controlled by a bouncer: if you aren’t in (fashionable, connected, attractive), you’ll be left out (not allowed to go in or participate).

I hope you get in!

~ Warren Ediger – English tutor and coach, creator of www.successfulenglish.com where you’ll find something new every week to help you improve your English.

Photo: Hans-Petter Fjeld (CC-BY-SA)

Posted in Life in the United States | 17 Comments

You Have Work/a Job To Do

QUESTION:
Emiliano from Spain, and friend of the podcast, is reading a book in English and wants to know if the sentence “You have a job to do” is correct or if it should be “You have a work to do.”

ANSWER:
Both of these sentences are correct and commonly-used in English:
“You have a job to do.”
“You have work to do.”  (We would not say, “We have a work to do.”)

The reason we say “a job” and “work” (without the article “a”) is because “job” is a count noun and “work” is a mass noun.  A count noun allows you to put an article (“a” or “the”) in front of it or to put a number in front of it:  “a job,” “the job,” “one job,” “two jobs,” “three jobs,” etc.  Mass nouns, such as “work,” do not take an article (not “a work” or “the work) and we cannot say “one work,” “two works,” etc.

Both sentences — “You have a job to do.” and “You have work to do.” — mean about the same thing, that you have tasks or work that needs to be completed.  However, “a job” may sometimes be used to refer to a specific task, often something that you have already talked about or referred to earlier in the conversation or that both people know about.  Here are a couple of examples:
A:  “Firing (dismissing someone from his/her job) employees isn’t easy.”
B:  “No, it isn’t easy, but I have a job to do and I plan to do it.”

Lucy:  “Why are you working so late?”
Jeff:  “I have a job to do and I’m not leaving until it’s done.”

“You have work to do” can be used to refer to a specific task, but may also be used more generally to say that this person should be working, not doing something else, like having fun.
– “Why is everyone standing around?  You all have work to do.”

Lucy:  “Today is Friday. Why can’t we leave work early?”
Jeff:  “We have work to do.  This is no time to think about goofing off (playing or having fun when we should be working).”

Thanks to Emiliano for the question and I hope this is helpful.

~ Lucy

Posted in Language & Terms | 13 Comments

Podcasts This Week (June 21, 2010)

ON MONDAY
ESL Podcast 592 – Dealing with Website Hackers

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.
In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “server” and “patch.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Famous American Hackers.”
“Some American hackers have “gained” (earned; received through their actions) “notoriety” (fame for something bad that one has done) for their computer-related crimes…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON WEDNESDAY
English Cafe 247

Topics: Psycho & Alfred Hitchcock; The Gettysburg Address; to get the most out of versus to take advantage of; who versus whom; status quo

In the Learning Guide:  Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear).
In “What Insiders Know,” you will read about the band Talking Heads and their classic song “Psycho Killer.”
“If you were “around” (alive) in the 1970’s and 1980’s in the United States, you may have been listening to new wave music.  “New wave music” combined many musical styles, including “pop” or popular music, “funk”…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON FRIDAY
ESL Podcast 593 – Staying Home from School

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.
In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “to fake” and “to forge.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Acceptable Excuses for Missing School.”
“American students are expected to go to school each day, but “perfect attendance” (going to all classes every day) is rare. Schools understand that students “occasionally” (sometimes, but not very often) need to miss class…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

If you enjoy our podcasts, please consider supporting ESL Podcast by becoming a Basic or Premium Member!

Posted in Announcements | 3 Comments

Looking Forward to 50?

A recent article in the New York Times reported on a recent study on aging (getting older) and happiness.  The study was based on a scientific poll of 340,000 Americans of all ages.  One of the questions related to how satisfied people were with themselves, a measure (indication) of happiness.  According to the study, people at age 18 begin life feeling pretty happy, but soon they start to feel worse and worse.  However, this process reverses (goes in the other direction) at age 50.  Beginning at age 50, people begin to feel better about themselves again.

There are a number of possible explanations for this finding (result of research).  First, by the time you are 50, you are likely to be advanced in your career, making a good salary (money for work), and feeling in control of your life better than when you first started out working in your 20s and 30s.  Second, if you have children, they are likely to be older adolescents or adults, which leaves you more time for yourself.  Third, you may have a more balanced, realistic view of life in general (overall) and your life in particular (specifically).  By 50, you have seen more of the world and the people in it, and can perhaps see that temporary setbacks (problems) are just that – temporary, for a short time only.

I’m only 46, so I have four more years before my life gets better.  I can’t wait to be 50!

~Jeff

Posted in News and Current Events | 28 Comments

I am Not Lucy Tse

A couple of weeks ago, we received a listener email message about the podcast. In the message, the listener said that he was glad to see a picture of me on the Internet and to know what I looked like.  Curious to know what I looked like, too, I did an image (picture) search and found a few of my Googlegangers.

I found this woman who works as a community coordinator (organizer) in Canada, but sadly, I’m not Canadian.

I found these woman with Facebook pages, but sadly, I’m not active on Facebook.

Finally, after a lot of searching (looking), I spotted (found) a video of me.  I’ve told people for years that I’ve started to age backwards (starting with the end and going to the beginning), much like Benjamin Button.  Now, maybe they’ll believe me.

Check out my fancy moves (dance steps)!  I bet you didn’t know I was this nimble (able to make quick and graceful movements).  If this whole podcast thing doesn’t work out (become successful), I know I have a backup plan (something else I can do if I fail at the first thing).

~ Lucy

Posted in Jokes and Humor | 20 Comments

Podcasts This Week (June 14, 2010)

ON MONDAY
ESL Podcast 590 – Paying Airline Fees

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.
In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “to tack on” and “to turn back.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “Types of Airline Employees.”
“Airlines “employ” (hire; give jobs to) people in many different “positions” (job descriptions). Most fliers interact only with a few airline employees, like “reservation agents”…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON WEDNESDAY
English Cafe 246

Topics: Ask an American – Father Damien and leprosy; bring versus take; And you?; trustworthy versus honest

In the Learning Guide:  Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear).
In “What Insiders Know,” you will read about the television show “Hawaii Five-O.”
Hawaii Five-0 was a popular American television series that “ran” (was shown on TV) from 1968 to 1980. It was “shot on location” (filmed where a movie or show is set or placed)…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

ON FRIDAY
ESL Podcast 591 – Handling a Traffic Stop

In the Learning Guide: Get a full transcript (written version of every word you hear), vocabulary list and sample sentences, and comprehension questions.
In “What Else Does it Mean,” learn the other meanings of “to flash” and “to run.”
In the “Culture Note,” learn about “How to Avoid Getting a Traffic Ticket.”
” The easiest way to “avoid” (not let something happen) getting a “traffic” (related to driving) ticket for “speeding” (going faster than the allowed “speed limit” (maximum speed)) is to not speed. However, many drivers want to drive faster than the speed limit…” – READ MORE in the Learning Guide

If you enjoy our podcasts, please consider supporting ESL Podcast by becoming a Basic or Premium Member!

Posted in Announcements | 3 Comments